Book of History; the tenth book of the Old Testament; the tenth book of the Bible.
Author: The book itself does not name its author, though tradition records Samuel as the primary writer. The books of 1 and 2 Samuel were originally composed as one combined text. Neither 1 Samuel nor 2 Samuel seem to be in absolutely chronological order. This Scripture was likely completed by Samuel and other godly leaders of Israel who served through the end of the recorded events.
Audience: First and Second Samuel were originally completed as one book, written to the Jewish people. This text records history, and demonstrates the importance of faithfully following God’s commands. Starting in 1 Samuel, it explains the transition of Israel’s leadership from judges to kings, beginning with the progression of leadership from Samuel to King Saul and then King David. Second Samuel reminds the Jewish people of David’s triumphs and troubles. This illustrates the many lessons involved with obedience and disobedience to the Lord, as well as the Lord’s mercy when David repents of his sin.
Date: Unknown. It was clearly written after the division of Israel and Judah in 931 BC since these lands are often noted as separate kingdoms. Because its contents do not reflect the later events of the exile to Babylon, it was likely written prior to this time, sometime between 931 and 722 BC.